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EQA

North West EQA - Circulation BM 2025






Guest Lecture (29/05/25 - Dr Murali Varma, Cardiff): Tumour Grading - Communication Trumps Precision  pdf document symbol   

Case BM 1

Female 73 years

Excision of nodule on chest. Hx of breast cancer.

Specimen: Ellipse of skin measuring 35 x 15 x 8 mm. Surface bears a nodule measuring 11 x 10 mm. 4 mm from the resection margin.



Special stains/IHC results:
CKAE1/3 negative. CD31 and CD34 positive.





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Case BM 2

Male 64 years

?Pleomorphic adenoma in the left submandibular gland.

Specimen: An irregular piece of rubbery tissue weighing 3.8 g and measuring 35 x 17 x 10 mm.



Special stains/IHC results:
CD117 and SMA positive.





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Case BM 3

Female 84 years

Left submandibular gland tumour.

Specimen: A lobulate mass measuring 50 x 30 x 20 mm. Cut surface is yellowish.



Special stains/IHC results:
None.





H&E 587111


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Case BM 4

Male 69 years

Weight loss. Abdominal pain. Abdominal bloating.

Specimen: Stomach biopsy. Four pieces of tissue, the smallest measuring 2 mm and the largest measuring 3 mm.



Special stains/IHC results:
The tumour cells are positive for AE1/AE3, Synaptophysin and Chromogranin. Ki67 is ~1%.





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Case BM 5

Female 51 years

Chronic diarrhoea (greater than 6 weeks). Positive FOBT. Colon was normal to the point of insertion.

Specimen: Right Colon Biopsies. Four pieces of tissue largest 6 mm and smallest 3 mm.



Special stains/IHC results:
None.





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Case BM 6

Male 80 years

Inflammatory rash for 2.5 years affecting trunk and limbs. Very itchy. Not responding to systemic and topical steroids. No scabies treatment.

Specimen: Skin. One punch biopsy measuring 4 mm in diameter and 5 mm depth.



Special stains/IHC results:
None.





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Case BM 7

Female 35 years

Smear ? glandular. Normal colp. Loop.

Specimen: LLETZ cervix. A trapezoid piece of cervical tissue measuring 14 x 13 mm to a depth of 18 mm. The os is 5mm.



Special stains/IHC results:
p16 shows diffuse strong staining in abnormal area.





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Case BM 8

Male 87 years

Known high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, on BCG, had TURBT for solid looking bladder lesion.

Specimen: TURBT. Multiple grey chippings together weighing 1 g.



Special stains/IHC results:
None.





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Case BM 9

Female 84 years

Thyroid nodule.

Specimen: Right hemithyroidectomy. Slicing reveals a well circumscribed solid tan nodule measuring 21 x 20 x 14 mm. The nodule almost abuts the capsular surface. A few small colloid nodules are identified in the background.



Special stains/IHC results:
Positive: Ki67 strong membranous positivity; Negative: CK19, calcitonin, S100.





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Case BM 10

Male 76 years

Left radical orchidectomy for suspected testicular cancer.

Specimen: Left testicle - a testis 60 x 35 x 25 mm replaced by a cream white solid, partly necrotic mass.



Special stains/IHC results:
There is strong diffuse PSA positivity, moderate patchy expression of NKX3.1 and focal strong chromogranin and synaptophysin positivity. The neoplastic cells are negative for OCT3/4, CD117, CD30, AFP, inhibin, calretinin, GATA-3 and CDX2.





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Case BM 11

Female 46 years

Suspicious lesion right breast - core biopsy.

Specimen: Two cores of tissue 12 mm and 14 mm in length.



Special stains/IHC results:
Positive staining: S100, CD68, SOX10. Negative staining: MNF116, AE1/3, Desmin, CD34, H. Caldesmon.





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Case BM 12

Male 84 years

Incisional biopsy of exophytic intraoral lesion, looks like squamous cancer. History of bowel cancer with mets.

Specimen: Right buccal sulcus - a grey friable piece of tissue 7 x 4 x 3 mm.



Special stains/IHC results:
Lesion is positive for CK 20 and CDX-2. Negative for CK7, p40.





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Case BM 13

Male 77 years

?TCC on the prostate. TURP.

Specimen: Prostatic chippings weighing 2.6 g.



Special stains/IHC results:
PSA +ve. CK7 patchily +ve. The following IHCs are negative: GATA3, CK20, P63, CDx2.





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Case BM 14

Female 75 years

Symptomatic U3, Thy3a, thyroid nodule over isthmus. Left lobectomy in 1972.

Specimen: 28 x 22 mm well circumscribed and capsulated cream-white nodule with focal capsular rupture likely iatrogenic. Few other small partially encapsulated nodules 2 to 5 mm in diameter.



Special stains/IHC results:
CEA, Synaptophysin and chromogranin negative and positive for thyroglobulin. CD31 to assess vascular invasion.





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Case BM 15

Female 27 years

Left large renal tumour.

Specimen: open nephrectomy. On slicing the lower pole contains a large multinodular fleshy tumour measuring 125 x 110 mm. There is a possible central scar with nodules of tumour separated by fibrous septae. The cut surface of the nodules is pale white homogeneous with areas of haemorrhage. On further slicing the tumour does appear to have some possible necrotic or infarcted areas.



Special stains/IHC results:
None.





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Case BM 16

Female 28 years

Bilateral bulky cystic ovaries at elective CS ? malignant change.

Specimen: Right ovarian biopsy – multiple fragments of friable brown tissue, the largest 35 mm.



Special stains/IHC results:
Positive inhibin, calretinin, Melan-A.





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